Exploring a Lean Informed Framework for Reducing Construction and Demolition Waste in Zimbabwe

The inadequate minimization of construction and demolition waste (CDW) in Zimbabwe created a need for a framework that combines Lean Construction (LC) and Construction 5.0. This paper thus develops guidelines and a conceptual framework for the minimization of CDW in Zimbabwe through LC and Construction 5.0. A critical review of the LC and Construction 5.0 literature was conducted to extract the most effective ways of integrating the two principles. A questionnaire survey was conducted to identify the most effective techniques for the framework. The frameworks show that certain pillars of Construction 5.0 (human centricity, sustainability, and resilience) and LC (Kaizen, Last Planner System, Just-In-Time, and Standardisation) have the potential for making a difference in the reduction of CDW in Zimbabwe.